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Aluminum 1100 is soft, low strength and is considered the most commercially pure aluminum alloy, composed of 99.6% aluminum. Copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, silicon, titanium, vanadium and zinc comprise the remaining 0.4%. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but is very weldable and formable. Cold working is the most common way to form aluminum 1100. Therefore, it may be shaped into many different products, including chemical equipment, railroad tank cars, fin stock, dials, name plates, cooking utensils, rivets, reflectors and sheet metal. The plumbing and lighting industries also use aluminum 1100.

It is manufactured a wide variety of different ways, but may only be hardened by cold working. Aluminum 1100 is the softest form of aluminum and therefore is not used for high-strength or high-pressure applications. Pure aluminum is able to be hot worked or cold worked, and is forged anywhere from 700 to 950 degrees F. Aside from forging, it is shaped by spinning, stamping and drawing. These process produce aluminum shapes in the form of foil, plates, round bars or rods, metal sheets, strips and wire. Resistance welding is possible, but may take many tries to obtain good results. It has 55% the electrical conductivity of copper.

Chemical Composition

Principal Design Features

This is a relatively low strength, essentially pure aluminum, alloy. It is noted for excellent welding characteristics and formability along with good corrosion resistance. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

Applications		Commonly used in the manufacture of chemical equipment and railroad tank cars.

Machinability		The machinability of AL 1060 is fair to poor, especially in the soft temper conditions. In the harder (cold worked) tempers such as H16 and H18 the machining characteristics are improved. Either carbide or high-speed steel tooling may be used and use of lubricants is recommended, although some cutting may be done dry.

Forming		This alloy has excellent forming capability by cold or hot working with commercial techniques.

Welding		AL 1060 may be welded by standard commercial methods. If filler rod is required it should be of AL 1060. A precaution should be noted for the use of resistance welding as by this method some trial and error experimentation may be required to obtain good results.

Heat Treatment		This alloy does not harden by heat treatment. It may be annealed after cold working. See "Annealing".

Forging		This alloy may be forged in the temperature range of 950 to 700 F.

Hot Working		Hot working, if required, may be done in the range of 900 to 500 F.

Cold Working		The cold working characteristics of AL 1060 are excellent. It can readily be cold worked by all conventional methods.

Annealing		Annealing may be done at 650 F followed by air cooling.

Aging		Not applicable to this alloy.

Tempering		Not applicable.

Hardening		The alloy hardens only from cold working. Tempers H12, H14, H16, H18 are determined by the amount of cold working imparted into the alloy.

Other Physical Props		Electrical conductivity 55% of copper.

Other Mechanical Props		Shear strength of annealed (O temper) is 7 ksi. For H14 temper it is 9 ksi and for H18 temper 11 ksi.

Physical Data : [top]

Density (lb / cu. in.)	0.0975
Specific Gravity	2.705
Melting Point (Deg F)	1200
Modulus of Elasticity Tension	10
Modulus of Elasticity Torsion	3.85

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