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Alloy 2304 UNS S32304 is a 23% chromium, 4% nickel, molybdenum-free duplex stainless steel. The Alloy 2304 has corrosion resistance properties similar to 316L. Furthermore, its mechanical properties, i.e., yield strength, are twice those of 304L/316L austenitic grades. This allows the designer to save weight, particularly for properly designed pressure vessel applications.
UNS S32304, is a lean duplex steel, similar to other duplex steels with it's high strength and resistance to chlorides stress corrosion cracking, however, due to its lower alloying content it has a lower level of pitting and crevice corrosion resistance (PREN approximately 26). As it contains very little Molybdenum, 2304 is a good economical alternative to 316L in some applications although 2304 is not recommended for use above 300°C. Also known by the the Uranus 35N and SAF2304.
The alloy is particularly suitable for applications covering the -50°C/+300°C (-58°F/572°F) temperature range. Lower temperatures may also be considered, but need some restrictions, particularly for welded structures. With its duplex microstructure, low nickel and high chromium contents, the alloy has improved stress corrosion resistance properties compared to 304 and 316 austenitic grades.
1.4362 Composition % according to EN-10216-5:
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
Mo |
Ni |
N |
Cu |
max. 0,03 |
max. 1,00 |
max. 2,00 |
max. 0,035 |
max. 0,015 |
22,00 - 24,00 |
0,10 - 0,60 |
3,50 - 5,50 |
0,05-0,20 |
0,10-0,60 |
S32304 Composition % according to ASTM A789,ASTM A790:
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
Mo |
Ni |
N |
Cu |
max. 0,03 |
max. 1,00 |
max. 250 |
max. 0,040 |
max. 0,040 |
21,50 - 24,50 |
0,50 - 0,60 |
3,00 - 5,50 |
0,05-0,20 |
0,50-0,60 |
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Solution annealing : 950 - 1050 °C (water)
Density 7800kg/m3
Hardness Brinell 290 Max
Tensile Strength @ Break 600 Mpa / 87000psi Min
Tensile Strength @ Yield 400 Mpa / 58000 psi 0.2% offsett
Elongation in 2" 25% Min
Modulus of Elasticity in tension 200Gpa 28500 ksi |
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General Properties
Application
Standards
Resistance to Corrosion
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Structure
Welding
Processing
Machinability
ASTM A789/A789M
ASTM A 790/A 790M
Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe
Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel Pipe
Super-Duplex Stainless Steels and their characteristics
2507 S32750(1.4410) Duplex Steel
S32205 S31803(1.4462) Duplex Steel
S32304(1.4362) Duplex Steel
Compared with the ferritic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel vulnerable
Compared with the austenitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel strengths and vulnerable
Product Information for Lean Duplex 2304 tubing and pipe
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Sizes |
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Standard Tolerances |
| Products |
OD |
Wall |
Lengths and/or coils |
Grades |
OD |
Wall |
Lengths |
| Welded Heat Exchangers & Condensers
Specifications: ASTM-A789 and ASME-SA789 |
0.5" (12.7 mm) to 4" (101.6 mm)
Metric sizes available |
0.020" (0.51 mm) to 0.150" (3.81 mm) |
Cut lengths to 60' (18.3 m) |
Lean Duplex 2304 |
<0.50" (12.7 mm)
+/-0.005" (0.13 mm)
0.50" (12.7 mm) to <1.50" (38.1 mm)
+/-0.005" (0.13 mm)
1.50" (38.1 mm) to <3.50" (88.9 mm)
+/-0.010" (0.25 mm)
>3.50" (88.9 mm) to 4.00" (101.6 mm)
+/-0.015" (0.38 mm) |
+/-15% +/-10% |
+1/8"
(3 mm)
/-0" |
Physical Properties of Lean Duplex 2304 Alloys in the Annealed Condition at -20°F to +100°F
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Tensile Strength |
Yield Strength |
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| Alloy |
UNS |
Spec. |
psi |
MPa |
ksi |
psi |
MPa |
ksi |
Elongation in 2 in. (min.) % |
Grain Size Req. |
Max. Hardness |
Modulus of Elasticity (x106 psi) |
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (IN./IN./°F x 10-6) |
Thermal Conductivity (BTU-in/ ft2-h-°F) |
| Lean Duplex 2304
OD=1" & under |
S32304 |
A789, A790 |
100,000 |
690 |
100* |
65,000 |
450 |
58* |
25 |
— |
28 Rc, 30* Rc |
27.5 |
7.6 |
180 |
| Lean Duplex 2304
OD>1" |
S32304 |
A789, A790 |
87,000 |
600 |
101* |
58,000 |
400 |
58* |
25 |
— |
28 Rc, 30* Rc |
27.5 |
7.6 |
180 |
*OD over 1.0"TS>87, YS>58, no hardness requirement 1.0" OD and under
Lean Duplex 2304 Product Range
Alloy |
UNS Designation |
Werkstoff NR. |
Specifications* |
Lean Duplex 2304 |
S32304 |
1.4362 |
A/SA789, A/SA790 |
*Note: The specifications noted including ASTM, ASME, or other applicable authorities are correct at the time of publication. Other specifications may apply for use of these materials in different applications
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