STAINLESS STEEL TUBE & PIPE   

Hot Forming
Forming below 600°F is recommended whenever possible. When hot forming is required, the workpiece should be heated uniformly and worked in the range of 1750 to 2250°F. Alloy 2205 is quite soft at these temperatures and is readily formed. Above this range, 2205 is subject to hot tearing. Immediately below this range, the austenite becomes substantially stronger than the ferrite and may cause cracking, a particular danger to “cold” edges. Below 1700°F there can be rapid formation of intermetallic phases because of the combination of temperature and deformation.

Whenever hot forming is done, it should be followed by a full solution anneal at 1900°F minimum and rapid quench to restore phase balance, toughness, and corrosion resistance. Stress relieving is not required or recommended; however, if it must be performed, the material should receive a full solution anneal at 1900°F minimum, followed by rapid cooling or water quenching.

Cold Forming
Alloy 2205 stainless steel pipe is readily sheared and cold formed on equipment suited to working stainless steel. However, because of the high strength and rapid work hardening of 2205, forces substantially higher than those for austenitic steels are required to cold form 2205. Also because of the high strength, a somewhat larger allowance must be made for springback.

Heat Treatment
Alloy 2205 stainless steel pipe should be annealed at 1900°F minimum, followed by rapid cooling, ideally by water quenching. This treatment applies to both solution annealing and stress relieving. Stress relief treatments at any lower temperature carry the risk of precipitation of detrimental intermetallic or nonmetallic phases.

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